After they are tested, the chips are laser-marked, i.e., labeled. Here the manufacturer can print anything on the memory chip. In Figure 18 we can see what was being printed on the memory chips inside the machine on the moment we were visiting the factory.

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Figure 17: Laser marking machine.

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Figure 18: Screen of the laser marking machine.

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Figure 19: Status screen of the machine.

After this step the memory chip is done and ready to be installed on a PCB and sold as a memory module. At this stage the memory manufacturer has two options: sell the memory chips to memory module manufacturer or send them to their own memory module production line, if they have one. Kingmax is on the second case.